Lfayda n yibeεεac.(Aḥric amezwaru)

Publié par Omar Mouffok sur 16 Mai 2024, 17:10pm

Catégories : #Faune

Amur ameqran deg yibeεεac yellan deg umaḍal nefεen yerna tturaren aṭas n ledwaṛ yelhan deg twennaḍt. Deg tidet, ibeεεac yettḍurrun ur ttawḍen 1% seg wakk leṣnaf n yibeεεac yellan. Aṭas n leṣnaf n yegḍaḍ ed yigelmaḍen (reptiles) ay yeddren ala s wucci n yibeεεac, nnig waya, lemmer ur d ibeεεac, ur d-yettili ufarer (pollinisation) n yemγan, yerna ineggura-a ur ttefruruxen. Deg kra n tmura, amur ameqran seg ufarer d izan ed yiferṭeṭṭuten ay d-ilehhun yid-s. Ma d ibeεεac ay ittetten imγan, ula d nitni ttekkayen deg weḍman n tuggta n leṣnaf n yemgerraden n yemγan, yerna ssenqasen seg yemγan-nni ay izemren ad ḍurren wiyaḍ s wefrurex-nsen ameqran. Seg tama niḍen, kra n yibeεεac ay ittetten imγan ttεawanen ineggura-a akken ad d-xelfen yerna ad jehden xir. S waya, ibeεεac-nni ay itteddren deg lejdari n yisekla (ttjuṛ) tturaren dduṛ deg wexlaf n tẓegwa. Deg tgara, ur yessekf ad nettu ibeεεac sεan dduṛ d ameqran, daγen, deg ussizdeg n wayen akk yettmettaten deg twennaḍt.

Ibeεεac ṣelḥen i wucci

Deg waṭas n tmiwa n umaḍal, imdanen sseqdacen ibeεεac deg wucci (γef umedya, ajṛad ed wakuz n tezdayin ttmaccan). Yuγ lḥal, ibeεεac ttakfen-d aṭas n tefṛutinin (protéines) akked wafud (énergie) i tfekka. Samuel Hearne, deg weγmis-nnes udmawan, deg 1771, yenna-d yella yiwen n yemḍebber n Yiskimuten iḥemmel ad yecc tiwekkiwin n uduglim (hypoderme, Hypoderma), yerna llan ttinin-d lbenna-nsent am tin n waḍil n wuccen (groseille). D acu kan, aṭas n medden, ass-a, ur ḥemmlen ad xaylen iman-nsen ttetten ibeεεac. Deg Kanada, Aduktur B. Hocking n Tesdawit n Alberta, yeεreḍ ad iṛebbi tiwekkiwin n tzizwa i wakken ad ttnuzunt d afaris (produit), am wakk ayen ay d-ttakfen tzizwa yerna sseqdacen-t medden, maca tarmit-nnes (ttejṛiba) ur terbiḥ. Γas akken, aṭas n medden ay ittetten ibeεεac (war ma ukin) deg wudi, aγrum ed wagil (lfaṛina) ay ttetten yal ass.

Ifarisen* n yibeεεac

*produits

Afaris (produit) ay sseqdace aṭas yemdanen yerna yekka-d seg yibeεεac netta d tamemt. D acu kan, imdanen ttekksen-d daγen leḥrir seg yiwen n uferṭeṭṭu, am wakken ay d-ttekksen taynust (gomme-laque) seg yiwen n ubeεεuc ay itteddren deg tneqlin n Asya. Nttekkes-d daγen ssbiγa tazewwaγt seg yiwet n tqermizt (cochenille) ay itteddren γef tṣebbarin, yerna ssbiγa-nni, γas yiwet n tallit, jjan-tt ur tt-sseqdacen, maca ass-a qqlen γer-s tikkelt niḍen, imi ssbiγat-nni timguranin (industrielles) ay ttgen i wucci (ay d-ttekksen seg uqeḍran n yireg (charbon) yelfa-d ttgent-d akensir (cancer). Ibeεεac sεan, daγen, azal ameqran deg yinadiyen ussnanen, ladγa deg tussna n yijinen [génétique], imi ay ttefruruxen s tazzla, yerna fessus γef yimassanen ad ḍefren tisutwin-nsen (lejyal). Seg tama niḍen, ibeεεac am yiferṭeṭṭuten, timzerγlin (libellules) ed yixenfusen seg zik ay kecmen deg tsekla, taẓuri ed uẓawan n yemdanen.

Ibeεεac deg udawi n wemdan ed twennaḍt

Zik, asmi werεad ur d-nnulfan yisafaren ineγγen imikṛuben, medden llan sseqdacen tiwekkiwin n yizan i lmend n ussizdeg n yideddiyen yessewwen, yerna γas ma yella tiwekkiwin-a ttenkarent deg weksum yerkan, maca mi ara ilint deg udeddi, d aksum kan yemmuten ay ttettent yerna ttajjant aksum amuddir. Ass-a, tiwekkiwin-a mazal nefεent imi yes-sent ay ẓerren yemsujjiyen (ḍḍebba) n lqanun melmi ay yemmut kra n wemdan ay d-ufan deg beṛṛa.

Tuggta n leṣnaf n yibeεεac deg twennaḍt, ladγa deg waman, d tin ay d-yesskanayen ma yella tawennaḍt bxir ay tella neγ ala. Yuγ lḥal, mi ara neqsen yibeεεac n waman yeddren deg kra n wemkan, aya yesskanay-d i yimassanen amkan-nni yumes, deg lweqt aydeg mi ara ggten, aya yesskanay-d amkan-nni la t-id-tteqqal tudert yerna zeddig. Imassanen ssenqaden daγen leṣnaf n yibeεεac yeddren deg wakal, imi, mi ara nḍerren yineggura-a, aya yesskanay-d lmaḍerra ay yezmer ad d-yeglu yes-s lḥamu n umaḍal.

Ibeεεac ed ufarer*

*pollinisation

Azal n 80% seg yemγan ay nttett d iγersiwen ay ten-yettεawanen deg ufarer (pollinisation), yerna qrib akk iγersiwen-a d ibeεεac. Deg tmurt am Kanada, dduṛ ay tturarent tzizwa deg ufarer yesserbaḥ-as-d i tmurt-a azal n umelyaṛ n yidulaṛen yal aseggas deg tfellaḥt ! Deg Temrikt n Ugafa, imeksawen n tzizwa ttawyen timerwin n yigiman (dizaines de milliers) n teγrasin seg wemkan γer wayeḍ i wakken tizizwa-nsen ad zerεent tawrent n tjejjigin seg yemγi γer wayeḍ, dγa d aya ay yettajjan tafellaḥt ad terbeḥ. Yuγ lḥal, tizizwa ssirirent (féconder) imγan ed yisekla am tḍeffa (titteffaḥin), tifiras, tireḍlimin (ḥebb lemluk), axyar ed yemγan ay d-yettakfen zzerriεa ayyes ttgen zzit. Imγi wadag (luzerne) d yiwet n tzizwit igezzmen afriwen ay t-yessiriren. Taxsayt tesεa yiwen n ṣṣenf n tzizwa ay tt-yessiriren deg tmiwa tigmuḍanin (ticerqiyin) n Kanada. Aḍil n lexla (myrtille) llan aṭas n leṣnaf n tzizwa tiweḥciyin ay yettekkayen deg ussirer-nnes, ma d imγi n uṭuka (canneberge) d igayemruten ay t-yessiriren. Ula d ifellaḥen ay d-yesseqdacen ixxamen n weplastik, sseqdacen, daγen igayemruten i lmend n ussirer n ṭumaṭic ed yifelfel. Deg tmura yeḥman, d tizit ay yessiriren akakaw, yerna d akuz ay yessiriren tizdayin n zzit.

Asseqdec n yibeεεac i lmend n uḥuddu n tfellaḥt (...) (Amagrad Ittkemil)

Sγur Peter Harris ed Peter G. Kevan
Taγbalut: The Canadian Encyclopedia
Tasuqilt sγur Omar Mouffok

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